Tillage Seeding Spraying and Spreading Equipment

The primary purpose of tillage is to:

Increase road speed of the tractor Prepare the soil for seeding and crop growth by loosening and mixing Lubricate tractor driveline components Clean harvested grain

Primary tillage is generally performed to:

Provide a fine seedbed immediately before seeding Break up and turn over soil after harvest, incorporating residue Level small ridges after planting Remove weeds only at crop emergence

A moldboard plow is classified as:

Secondary tillage equipment Primary tillage equipment that inverts the soil Seeding equipment Harvesting equipment

Chisel plows are commonly used because they:

Provide complete inversion of soil and residue Loosen soil with less inversion to reduce erosion and conserve residue Are not suitable for minimum tillage Are used only for fertilizer application

Secondary tillage equipment is used mainly to:

Harvest mature crops Create a finer soil surface and control weeds prior to seeding Spread manure Transport grain to market

Examples of secondary tillage implements include:

Combine headers and grain carts Cultivators, harrows and field finishers Balers and rakes Sprayers and spreaders

A broadcast seeder is best described as equipment that:

Places seed precisely in rows Throws seed over the soil surface without distinct rows Drills seed below normal depth Spreads only fertilizer

Grain drills and air seeders are designed to:

Spread seed randomly on the surface Meter and place seed in rows at controlled depth and spacing Harvest mature crops Spread liquid manure

Metering systems in seeders may include:

Fluted rollers, cassettes or air delivery meters Only chain drives Hydraulic cylinders only Alternator‑driven pumps

Calibration of seeding equipment is important to:

Increase tractor engine speed Ensure the correct rate of seed and fertilizer is applied per hectare Reduce gearbox wear only Eliminate the need for tillage

Manure spreaders are used to:

Spread only dry fertilizer prills Distribute livestock manure uniformly across the field Plant forage crops Harvest grain

Box‑type manure spreaders typically use:

A belt and roller system to spread liquid manure A chain apron to move material to rear beaters Only air pressure to distribute manure Disc openers

Liquid manure tanks often employ:

Broadcast spinner discs only Vacuum loading and injection or surface spreading booms Grain elevators Seed tubes and openers

Fertilizer spreaders that use twin spinning discs are classified as:

Banding implements Centrifugal broadcast spreaders Air seeders Planter row units

A field sprayer basic system includes:

Tank, pump, agitation, filters, boom, nozzles and controls Only tank and frame Hopper and fluted roller Header and reel

Common sprayer pumps include:

Axial piston hydraulic pumps only Centrifugal, diaphragm and roller pumps Gear pumps only Vacuum pumps only

Nozzle selection on a sprayer affects:

Only colour of the spray Droplet size, pattern and application rate Engine horsepower Tractor tire size

Flat‑fan nozzles are typically used for:

Broadcast application of herbicides over a boom Injecting fertilizer below soil surface High volume washing only Silage packing

Drift‑reducing nozzles are designed to:

Increase the number of fine droplets Produce larger droplets or air‑inducted patterns less prone to drift Eliminate the need for calibration Reduce pump wear by increasing pressure

Sprayer calibration typically involves:

Checking only tire pressure Measuring nozzle output, travel speed and boom width to determine application rate Adjusting PTO speed to maximum Using only manufacturer nameplate data

Personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling pesticides includes:

Casual clothing and sandals Gloves, eye protection, coveralls and appropriate respirator as specified on the label No protective gear Welding helmet and leathers only

A foam marker system on a sprayer is used to:

Measure boom pressure Visually mark the edge of the last pass to reduce skips and overlaps Indicate tank level Lubricate boom hinges

Boom section control allows the operator to:

Change tractor gears automatically Turn sections of the boom on or off to avoid double application Adjust ballast in tractor tires Control combine rotor speed

Electrostatic spraying systems are designed to:

Use only DC motors on the tractor Charge droplets so they are attracted to plant surfaces, improving coverage Reduce chemical effectiveness Eliminate the need for water

Sprayer clean‑out procedures are important to:

Reduce engine oil contamination Prevent chemical residue from damaging crops or equipment Increase tank capacity Decrease tire wear

Over‑application of pesticide due to incorrect calibration can result in:

Reduced residue levels Crop damage, increased cost and environmental risk Improved weed control with no side effects Lower operator exposure

Under‑application of herbicide normally leads to:

Better crop safety and perfect weed control Poor weed control and potential resistance issues Higher yield Reduced need for future spraying

Common replacement components supplied by parts technicians for tillage and seeding equipment include:

Engine crankshafts and pistons Sweeps, shovels, openers, bearings, hoses and nozzles Truck cabs and doors Air conditioning compressors

Row crop planters differ from grain drills because they:

Place seed randomly Place individual seeds at precise spacing in distinct rows Operate only on forage crops Do not require metering systems

Air carts in an air seeding system function to:

Harvest grain Store and meter seed and fertilizer, delivering them via air flow to openers Increase tractor fuel efficiency Provide hydraulic power

Proper ballasting of tractors pulling tillage implements is important because it:

Has no effect on traction Improves traction and reduces wheel slip Only increases soil compaction with no benefit Eliminates the need for four‑wheel drive

The ILM Tillage, Seeding, Spraying and Spreading Equipment module helps parts technicians:

Design new engines Understand terminology, components and wear parts for common farm equipment Perform major overhauls on transmissions Set legal road speeds

When ordering replacement openers for an air drill, the parts technician must confirm:

Only the machine colour Shank style, opener type, width, mounting bolt pattern and manufacturer recommendations That any opener will bolt on somehow Only fertilizer type

Sprayer nozzle strainers and line filters are installed to:

Reduce pump flow permanently Remove debris that can plug nozzles and affect patterns Increase spray drift Replace pressure gauges

In minimum‑tillage systems, equipment selection focuses on:

Maximum soil disturbance Residue management with reduced passes and less inversion Eliminating fertilizer use Using only moldboard plows

When handling chemicals, the operator must always follow:

Personal preferences only Label directions, SDS information and local regulations Weather forecasts only Dealership marketing brochures

A boom height that is set too high on a field sprayer will generally:

Reduce spray drift Increase drift and produce poor overlap patterns Have no effect on application Increase nozzle life

Spinner spreaders must be patterned and adjusted because:

Fertilizer always spreads evenly without adjustment Different materials and vane settings affect spread width and uniformity The PTO speed is fixed They have no moving parts